A while ago I created a matrix table to get clear in my mind the links between hazards. The result is displayed below. The table should be read from left to right. The primary hazard is listed in the vertical far left column, while the secondary hazard it triggers is listed along the top horizontal row.
It is by no means a complete or definitive guide to multi-hazards, but is a useful tool for trying to visualise the connections. If anyone has any suggestions to alter the table, I would be glad to hear them.
|
Earthquake
|
Volcano
|
Flood
|
Tsunami
|
Landslide
|
Avalanche
|
Lahar
|
Mudflow
|
Hurricane
|
Earthquake
|
|
Shaking = gaps for magma
|
|
Displacement of water
|
Shaking
|
Shaking
|
|
|
|
Volcano
|
Eruption force
|
|
Glacier burst
|
Displacement of water
|
Flank collapse
|
Eruption/ shaking of snow on top
|
Tephra (+ melting)
|
Tephra (+ melting)
|
Tephra (?)
|
Flood
|
|
|
|
|
Undercutting
|
|
Entrainment of material
|
Entrainment of material
|
|
Tsunami
|
|
|
Water onto land
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Landslide
|
|
Pressure change on flank
|
Block and break of river/lake
|
Displacement of water
|
|
|
|
Provision of material
|
|
Avalanche
|
|
|
Damming/ burst and melting
|
Displacement of water
|
|
|
Provision of transport
|
Provision of transport
|
|
Lahar
|
|
|
Provision of liquid
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mudflow
|
|
|
Provision of liquid
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hurricane
|
Pressure changes (?)
|
Water into gaps into magma
|
Heavy precipitation
|
|
Saturation of slopes
|
|
Heavy precipitation
|
Heavy precipitation
|
|
At the EGU, Joel Gill presented a much more robust matrix of multi-hazards. He intends to publish the results by the end of the summer, so watch this space for updates...
No comments:
Post a Comment